Unarmed: Includes gauntlets, greaves, etc.
COMMON CHARACTERISTIC:
Usually provides a high chance to block.

GLOVE:
Increases SPD and Evasion.

BOOT:
Medium damage.

One-Handed Sword: Includes daggers, normal swords, etc.
COMMON CHARACTERISTIC:
Provides a chance to block.

DAGGER:
Very low damage, high critical-hit rate, increased damage for critical hits. Increases Evasion.

SWORD:
Medium damage.

Two-Handed Sword: Includes bigger swords.
COMMON CHARACTERISTIC:
Provides a small chance to block.

LARGE SWORD:
Can block, high damage.

Axe: Includes giant swords, scythes, hammers, and axes.
COMMON CHARACTERISTIC:
No chance of blocking.

AXE:
Massive damage.

SCYTHE:
High damage, high critical-hit rate.

GIANT SWORD:
Massive damage.

HAMMER:
Massive damage.

Bow: Self-explanatory.
COMMON CHARACTERISTIC:
Low damage, high critical-hit rate.

Magical: Includes books and staffs and other magical objects.
COMMON CHARACTERISTIC:
Allows use of magic.

BOOKS:
Increases magical and physical defenses. High critical-hit rate.

STAFFS:
Increases magical damage. Normal critical-hit rate.

Books need time to cast (Can be interrupted) but are generally stronger than staffs. Staffs lean more towards buffing/debuffing and healing attributes too.